Expiation for breaking the fast
No expiation is required
for any of the actions that invalidate the fast except for intercourse,
which is the most serious sin for a fasting person. If a person has
intercourse they are required to offer the following expiation:
a) continue to fast for the rest of the day
b) free a slave or, if they are not able to do that, fast for two consecutive months after Ramadaan has finished, or, if they are not able to do that, feed sixty poor persons with half a saa' of the staple food of the country (1.5kgs) per person. This is for each day that intercourse invalidated the fast during Ramadaan.
c) repent from their sin and seek forgiveness from Allah
If a Muslim invalidates the fast of Ramadaan as a result of any of the other actions (except for menstruation and post-childbirth bleeding) they must:
a) continue the fast for the rest of the day
b) repeat that day again before the next Ramadaan
c) repent from their sin
and seek forgiveness from Allah
A person may make up a day that they owe from Ramadaan by fasting at any
time before the next Ramadaan except for those days on which it is
forbidden to fast, which are:
- the day of Eid-ul-Fitr (the 1st of Shawwal, the first day after the end of Ramadaan)
- the day of Eid-ul-Adha and the days of al-Tashreeq (those three days following Eid-ul-Adha) - being the 10th, 11th, 12th and 13th of Dhu'l-Hijjah
As mentioned previously, the missed days do not need to be made up consecutively (i.e. one straight after the other) and can be performed day by day over the course of the next 11 months if desired.
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